RULE: 8 - BILL(S) OF LADING Eff: 29Apr1995

Effective 29Apr1995
Filed 30Mar1995
Filing Codes I

DEFINITIONS
"Merchant" means and includes the Shipper, the Consignor,
the Holder of this Bill of Lading, the Receiver and the
Owner of the Goods.
"Carrier" means the issuer of this Bill of Lading as named
on the face of it.
"Hague Rules" means the provisons of the Internatioanal
Conventions for Unification of certain Rules relating to
Bills of Lading signed at Brussels on 25th August 1924.
"Hague-Visby Rules" means the Hague Rules as amended by the
Protocol signed at Brussels aon 23rd February 1968.
"COGSA 1936" means the Carriage of Goods by Sea Act of the
United States of America approved on 16th April 1936.
"COGWA 1936" means the Carriage of Goods by Water Act 1938
of Canada.
"COGSA 1971" means the Carriage of Goods by Sea Act 1971 of
the Unites Kingdom dated 8th April 1971.
"SDR'S" means Special Drawing Rights as defined by the
International Monetary Fund.
"Container" includes any type of Container, Trailer, Flat
or Unit Load Device.
"Person" includes an individual, a firm and body corporate.

CONDITIONS
1. APPLICABILITY
The provisions set out and referred to in this document
shall apply if the transport as described on the face of
the Bill of Lading is Port to Port or Combined Transport.
2. CARRIER'S TARIFF
The provisions of the Carrier's applicable Tariff, if
any, are incorporated herein. Copies of such provisions
are obtainable from the Carrier or his agents upon
request or, where applicable, from a government body
with whom the Tariff has been filed. In case of
inconsistency between this Bill of lading and the
applicable tariff, this Bill of Lading shall prevail.
3. WARRANTY
The Merchant warrants taht in agreeing to the terms
hereof he is the agent of and has the authority of the
perosn owning or entitled to the possession of the Goods
or any person who has a present or future interest in
the Goods.
4. NEGOTIABILITY AND TITLE TO THE GOODS
(1) This Bill of lading shall be non-negotiable unless
made "to order" in which event it shall be negotiable
and shall constitute title to the Goods and the holder
shall be entitled to receive or to transfer the Goods
herein described.
(2) This Bill of Lading shallbe prima facie evidence of
the taking in charge by the Carrier of the Goods as
herein described. However, proof to the contrary shall
not be admissible when this Bill of Lading has been
negotiated admissible when this Bill of Lading has been
negotiated or transferred for valuable considerationto a
third party acting in good faith.
5. ISSUANCE OF THIS BILL OF LADING
By inssuance of this Bill of Lading the Carrier assumes
liability as set out in these Conditions and
(1) For Port to Port or Combined Transport, undertakes
to perform and/or in his own name to procure the
performance of the entire transport, fromt eh place at
which the Goods are taken in chrge to the place
designated for delivery in this Bill of Lading.
(2) For the purposes and subject to the provisions of
this Bill of Lading, the Carrier shall be responsible
for the acts and omissions of any person of whose
services he makes use for the performance of the
Contract evidenced by this Bill of Lading.
(3) When issued on a Port to Port Basis, the
responsibility of the Carrier is limited to that part to
the Carriage from and during loading onto the vessel up
to and during discharge from the vessel and the Carrier
shall not be liable for any loss or damage whatsoever in
respect of the Goods or for any other matter arising
during any other part of the Carriage even though
charges for the whole Carriage have been charged by the
Carrier. The Merchant constitutes the Carrier as agent
to enter into contracts on behalf of the Merchant with
others for transport, storage, handling or any other
services in respect of the Goods from the vessel without
responsinbility for any act or omission whatsoever on
the part of the Carrier or others and the Carrier may
such agent enter into contract with others on any terms
whatsoever including terms less favorable than the terms
in this Bill of Lading.
6. DANGEROUS GOODS INDEMNITY
(1) The Merchant shall comply with the rules which are
mandatory according to the National law or by reason of
International Convention, relating to the carriage of
Goods of a dangerous nature, and shall in any case
inform the Carrier of a dangerous nature, and shall in
any case inform the Carrier in writing of the exact
nature of the danger, before Goods of a dangerous nature
are taken in charge by the Carrier and indicate to him,
if need be, the precautions to be taken.
(2) If the Merchant fails to provide such information
and the Carrier is unaware of the dangerous nature fo
the Goods and the necessary precautions to be taken and
if, at the time, they are deemed to be a hazard to life
or property, they may at any place be unloaded,
destroyed or rendered harmless, as circumstances may
require, without compensation, and the Merchant shall be
liable for all loss, damage, delay or expenses arising
out of their being taken in charge, or their carriage,
or of any services incidental thereto.
(3) If any Goods shipped with the knwoledge of the
Carrier as to their dangerous nature shall become a
danger to the vessel, vehicle or cargo, they may in like
manner be unloaded or landed at any place or destroyed
or rendered innocuous by the Carrier, without liability
on the part of the Carrier, except to General Average,
if any.
7. DESCRIPTION OF GOODS AND MERCHANT'S PACKING
(1) The Consignor shall be deemed to ahve guaranteed to
the Carrier the accuracy, at the time the Goods were
taken in charge by the Carrier, of the description of
the Goods, marks, numbers, quatity, weight and/or volume
as furnished by him, and the Consignor shall defend,
indemnify and hold harmless the Carrier against all
loss, damage and expenses arising or resulting from
inaccuracies in or inadequacy of such particulars. The
right of the Carrier to such obligation from the
Consignor shall in no way limit his responsibility and
liability under this Bill of Lading to any person other
than the Consignor.
(2) Without prejudice to Clause 8 (A) (2) (c), the
Merchant shall be liable for any loss, damage or injury
caused by faulty or insufficient packing of Goods or by
faulty loading or packing within contaners and trailers
and on flats when such loading or packing has been
performed by the Merchant or on behalf of the Merchant
by a person other than the Carrier, or by defect or
insuitability of the containers, trailers or flats, when
supplied by the Merchant, and shall defend, indemnify
and hold harmless the Carrier against any additional
expenses so caused.
(3) It is agreed that specificial rust, oxidation or any
like condition due to moisture is not a condition of
damage but is inherent to the nature of the Goods and
acknowledgement of the receipt of the Goods in apparent
good order and condition is not a representation that
such conditions of rust, oxidation or the like did not
exist or receipt.
(4) (a) The Merchant undertakes not to tender for
transportation any Goods which require temperature
control without previously giving written notice of
their nature and particular temperature range to be
maintained and in the case of the temperature
controlled Container stuffed by or on behalf of the
Merchant further undertakes that the Goods have been
properly stuffed in the Container and that its
thermostatic controls have been properly set by the
Merchant before receipt of the Goods by the Carrier.
If the said requirement are not complied with th
Carrier shall not be liable for any loss of or
damage to the Goods by such non-compliance.
(b) The Carrier shall not be liable for any loss of
or damage to the Goods arising from latent defects,
derangement, breakdown, stoppage of the temperature
controlling machinery, plant insulation or any
apparatus of the Containers, provided that the
Carrier shall before or at the beginning of the
transport exercise due diligence to maintain the
temperature controlled Container in an efficient
state.
8. EXTENT OF LIABILITY
A (1) The Carrier shall be liable for loss or damage to
the Goods occurring between the time when he
takes the Goods into his charge and the time of
delivery.
(2) The Carrier shall , however, be relieved of
liability for any loss or damage if such loss or
damage was caused by
(a) an act or omission of the Merchant, or person
other than the Carrier acting on behalf of
the Merchant or from whom the Carrier took
the Goods in charge;
(b) insufficiecy or defective condition of the
packaging or marks and/or numbers:
(c) handling, loading, storage or unloading of
the Goods by the Merchant or any person
acting on behalf of the Merchant:
(d) inherent vice of the Goods:
(e) strike, lockout, stoppage or restraint of
labour, the consequences of which the Carrier
could not avoid by the exercise of reasonable
diligence:
(f) a nuclear incident if the operator of a
nuclear instatallation or a person acting for
him is liable for this damage under an
applicable International Convention or
National law governing liability in respect
of nuclear energy:
(g) any cause or event which the Carrier could
not avoid and the consequences whereof he
could not prevent by the exercise of
reasonable diligence.
(3) The burdern of proving that the loss or damage
was due to one or more of the above causes or
events shall rest upon the Carrier. When the
Carrier establishes that, in the circumstances of
the case, the loss or damage could be attributed
to one or more of the causes and events specified
in (b) to (d) above, it shall be presumed that
it was so caused. The claimant shall, however,
be entitled to prove that the loss or damage was
not, in fact, to prove that the loss or damage
was not, in fact, caused wholly or partly by one
or more of these causes or events.
B When in accordance with Clause 8.A.1 the Carrier is
liable to pay compensation i respect of loss or
damage and the stage of transport where loss or
damage occurred is known, the liability of the
Carrier in respect of such loss or damage shall be:-
(1) determined by the provisions contained in any
International Convention or National Law, which
provisions
(a) cannot be departed from by private contract,
to the detriment of thclaimant, and
(b) would have applied if the claimant had made a
separate and direct contract with the Carrier
in respect of the particular stage of
transport where the loss or damage occurred
and received as evidence thereof any
particular document which must be issued in
order to make such International Convention
or National law applicable.
(2) with respect to the transportaiton in the United
States of America or in Canada to the Port of
Loading or form the Port of Discharge, the
responsibility of the Carrier shall be to procure
transportation by carriers (one or more) and such
transportation shall be subject to the inland
carrier's contracts of carriage and tariffs and
any law compulsorily applicable. The Carrier
guarantees the fulfilment of such inland
carriers' obligation under the contracts and
tariffs.
9. CONTAINERS
(1) Goods may be stuffed by the Carrier in or on
Containers and Goods may be stuffed withother Goods.
(2) The terms of this Bill of Lading shall govern the
responsibility of the Carrier in connection with or
arising out of the supply of a Container to the
Merchant, whether supplied before or after the Goods
are received by the Carrier or delivered to the
Merchant.
(3) If a Container has been stuffed by or on behalf of
the Merchant.
(A) the Carrier shall not be liable for loss or
damage to the Goods;
(i) caused by the manner in which the Container
has been stuffed.
(ii) caused by the unsuitability of the Goods
for carriage in Containers;
(iii)caused by the unsuitability or defective
condition of the Container provided that
where the Container has been supplied byor
on behalf of the Carrier, this paragraph
(iii) shall only apply if the unsuitability
or defective condition arose (a) without
any want of due diligence on the part of
the Carrier or (b) would have been aparent
on reasonable inspection by the Merchant at
or prior to the time when the Container was
stuffed.
(iv) if the Container is not sealed at the
commencement of the Carriage except where
the Carrier has agreed to seal the
Container.
(B) the Merchant shall defend, indemnify and hold
harmless the Carrier against any loss, damage,
claim, liability or expense whatsoever arising
fromone or more of the matters covered by (A)
above except for (A) (iii) (a)
(4) Where the Carrier is instructed to provide a
Container in the absence of a written request to
the contrary, the Carrier is not under an obligation
to provide a Container of any particular type or
quality.
10. PARAMOUNT CLAUSE
(1) This Bill of Lading insofar as it relates to sea
carriage by any vessel whether named herein ornot
shall have effect subject to the Hague Rules or any
legislation making such Rules or the Hague-Visby
Rules compulsorily appplicable (such as COGSA 1936
or COGWA 1936 or COGSA 1971) to this Bill of Lading
and the provisin of the Hague Rules or applicable
legislation shall be deemed incorported herein. The
Hague Rules (or COGSA 1938 when this Bill of Lading
is subject to U.S. law) shall apply to the carriage
of Goods by inland waterways. The Hague Rules or
applicable legislation shall apply to all Goods
whether carried on deck or under deck. If and to
extent that provisions of the Harter Act or the
United States of America 1893 would otherwise be
compulsorily applicable to regulate the Carrier's
responsibility for the Goods during any period
prior to loading on or after discharge from the
vessel, the Carrier's responsibility shall instead
be governed by the provisions of Clause 8, but if
such provisions are found to be invalid such
responsibility shall be subject to COGSA 1936.
(2) The Carrier shall be entitled (and nothing in this
Bill of Lading shall operate to limit or deprive
such entitlement) to the full benefit of, and
rights to, all limitations of or exemptions from
liability and all rights conferred or authorized by
any applicable law, statute or regulation of any
country including, but not limited to where
applicable any provions of secitons 4281 to 4287,
inclusive, of the Revised Statutes of the United
States of America and amendments thereto and where
applicable any provisions of the laws of the United
States of America.
11. LIMITATION AMOUNT
(1) When the Carrier is liable for compensation in
respect of loss or damage to the Goods, such
compensation shall be calculated by reference to th
value of such Goods at the place and time they are
delivered to the Consignee in accordance with the
contract or hsould have been so delivered.
(2) The value of the Goods shall be fixed according to
the current commodity exchange price, or, if there
be no such price, according to the current market
price, or, if there be no commodity exchange price
or current market price, by reference to the normal
value of Goods of the same kind and quality.
(3) Except where otherwise provided in this Bill of
Lading, compensation shall not exceed US$ 500 per
package or unit of Goods lost or damaged. However,
the Carrier shall not, in any case, be liable for
an amount greater thatn the actual loss to the
person entitled to the claim.
(4) Where the Hague Rules, Hague-Visby rules or COGSA
1936 or COGWA 1939 or COGSA 1971 apply, the Carrier
shall not, unless a declared value has been noted
in accordance with paragraph 5 of this Clause, be
or become liable for any loss or damage to or in
connection with the Goods in an amount per package
or shipping unit in excess of the package and
shipping unit limitation as laid down by the
applicable Rules or Act or any legislation making
these Rules compulsorily applicable to this Bill of
Lading. Such limitaion amount, according to COGSA
1936 is US$ 500 and according to COGWA 1936 in CAN$
500 and according to CIGSA 1971 is a sum of 2 SDR's
per kilo of the gross weight or 666.67 SDR's per
package or unit, of the Goods lost or damaged,
whichever shall be the greater. If no other
limitation amount is applicable under the relevant
compulsory legislation, the limitation shall be
according to COGSA 1936.
(5) The Carrier's liability, if any, may be increased
to a higher value by the Shipper making a
declaration, in writing, of the Goods valuation on
delivery to the Carrier of the Goods for shipment,
such valuation to be inserted on the front of this
Bill of Lading, in the space provided, and extra
freight paid if required by the Carrier. In such
case, if the actual value of the Goods shall exceed
such declared value, the value shall nevertheless
be deemed to be the declared value and the
Carrier's liability, of any, shall not exceed the
declared value and any partial loss or damage shall
be adjusted pro rata on the basis of such declared
value.
(6) Wher a Container is used to consolidate Good and
such Container is stuffed by the Carrier, the
number of package or shipping units stated on the
face of this Bill of Lading in the box provided
shall be deemed the number of package or shipping
units for the purpose of any limit of liability per
package or shipping unit provided in any
International Convention or National law relating
to the Carriage of Goods by Sea or Water. Except
as aforesaid the Container shall be considered the
package, or shippin unit. The words 'shipping unit'
shall mean each physical unit or piece of cargo not
shipped in a package, including articles or things
of any description whatsoever, except Goods shipped
in bulk, and irrespective of the weight or
measurement unit empoyed in calculating freight
charges. As to Goods shipped in bulk, the
limitation applicable thereto shall be the
limitation provided in such convention or law which
may be applicable and in no event shall anything
herein be constructed to be a waiver of limitation
as to Goods shipped in bulk.
12. DELAY, CONSEQUENTIAL LOSS, ETC.
(1) Arrival times are not guaranteed by the Carrier.
If the Carrier is held liable in respect of delay,
consequential loss or damage other than loss of or
damage to the Goods, the liability o f the Carrier
shall be limited to double the freight for the
transport covered by this Bill of Lading, or the
value of the Goods as determined in Clause 11
whichever is the less.
(2) If at any time the carriage is or is likey to be
affected by any hindrance, risk, delay, difficulty
or disadvantage of any kind ( including the
condition of the Goods), whensoever and wheresoever
arising (whether or not the carriage has commenced)
the Carrier may:
(a) without notice to the Merchant abandon the
carriage of the Goods and where reasonably
possible place the Goods or any part of them at
the Merchant's disposal at any place which the
Carrier may deem safe and convenient, whereupon
the responsibility of the Carrier in respect of
such Goods shall cease.
(b) without prejudice to the Carrier's rights
subsequently to abandon the Carriage under (a)
above, continue the carriage. In any event the
Carrier shall be entitled to full charges on
Goods received for carriage and the Merchant
shall pay any additonal costs resulting from
the above mentioned circumstances.
(c) The liability of the Carrier in respect of
the Goods shall cease on the delivery or other
disposition of the Goods in accordance with the
orders or recommendations given by any
Government or Authority or any person acting or
purporting to act as or on behalf of such
Government or Authority.
13. DEFENCES
The defences and limits of liability provided for in
these Conditions shall apply in any actions against
the Carrier for loss of or damage or delay to the Goods
whether the action be founded in contract or in tort.
14. LIABILITY OF OTHER PERSONS
(1) Any person or vessel whatsoevr, including but not
limited to, the Carrier's servants or agents, any
independent contractor or his servants or agents,
and all other by whom the whole or any part or the
contract evidenced by this Bill of Lading, whether
directly or indirectly, is procured, performed or
undertaken, shall have the benefit of all
providions in this Bill of Lading benefiting the
Carrier as if such provisions were expressly for
his benefit and in entering into this contract the
Carrier to the extent of these provisions, does so
not only on his own behalf but also as agent or
trustee fro such persons and vessels and such
persons and vessels shall to this extent be or be
deemed to be parties to this contract.
(2) The aggregate of the amounts recoverable from the
Carrier and the persons referred to in paragraph
(2) of Clause 5 shall in no case exceed the limits
provided for in these conditions.
15. METHOD AND ROUTE OF TRANSPORTATION
(1) The Carrier may at any time, with or without notice
to the Merchant, use any means of transport or
storage whatosever; load or carry the Goods on any
vessel whether named on the front hereof or not;
stow the Goods, whether containerished or not, on
or under deck; transfer the Goods from one
conveyance to another including transhipping or
carrying the same on a vessel other than that named
on the front hereof or by any other means of
transport whatsoever; at any place unpack or remove
Goods which have been stuffed in or on a Container
and forward the same in any route in his directin
(whether or not the nearest or most direct or
customary or advetised route) and proceed to or
stay at any place whatsoever once or more often and
in any order; load or unload the Goods from any
conveyance at any place; comply with any orders or
recommendations given by any Government or
Authority or any person or body acting or
purporting to act as or on behalf of such
Government or Authority or having under the terms
of the insurance on the conveyance employed by the
Carrier the right to give orders or directions;
permit the veseel to proceed with or without
pilots, to tow or be towed or be dry-docked; permit
the vessel to carry livestock, Goods of all kinds,
dangerous or otherwise, contraband, explosive,
munitions or warlike stores and sail armed or
unarmed.
(2) The liberties set out in paragraph (1) of this
Clause may be invoked by the Carrier for any
purpose whatsoever whethr or not connected with the
Carriage of the Goods. Anything done in accordance
with paragraph (1) of this Clause or any delay
arising there from shall be deemed to be within the
contractual Carriage and shall not be a deviation
of whatsoever nature or degree.
16. DELIVERY
If delivery of the Goods or any part thereof is not
taken by the Merchant, at the time and place when and
where the Carrier is entitled to call upon the Merchant
to take delivery thereon, the Carrier shall be entitled
to store the Coods or any part thereof at the sole risk
of the Merchant, where upon the liability of the
Carrier in respect of the Goods or that part thereof
stored as aforesaid (as the case may be) shall wholly
cease and the cose of such storage ( if paid by or
payable by the Carrier or any agent of sub-contractor
of the Carrier) shall forthwith upon demand be paid by
the Merchant to the Carrier.
17. BOTH-TO BLAME COLLISION
If the vessel on which the Goods are carried (the
carrying vessel) comes into collision with any other
vessel or object (the non-carrying vessel or object) as
a result of the negligence of the non-carrying vessel
or object or the owner of, charterer of or person
responsible for the non-carrying vessel or object,
or any act, neglect, or default in the navigation or
the management of the carrying vessel, the Merchant
undertakes to defend, indemnify and hold harmless the
Carrier against all claims by or liability to (and any
expenses arising thereform) any vessel or person in
respect of any loss of, or damage to, or any claim
whatsoever of the Merchant paid or payable to the
Merchant by the non-carrying vessel or object, or the
owner of, charterer of or set off, recouped or recovered
by such vessel, object or person(s) against the Carrier,
the carrying vessel or her owner or charterers.
18. FREIGHT AND CHARAGES
(1) Freight shall be paid in cash without discount and,
whethr prepayable or payable at destination, shall
be considered as earned or receipt of the Goods and
not to returned or relinquished in any event.
(2) Freight and all oher amounts mentioned in this Bill
of Lading are to be paid in the currency named in
the Bill of Ladingor, at the Carrier's option in
the currency of the country of dispatch or
destination at the highest rate of exchange for
Bankers Sight Bills current for prepayable Freight
on the day of dispatch and for Freight payable at
destination on the day when the Merchant is
notified of arrival of the Goods there or on the
day of withdrawal of the delivery order, whichever
rate is the higher, or at the option of the Carrier
on the date of the Bill of Lading.
(3) All dues, taxes and charges or other expenses
in connection with the Goods shall be paid by the
Merchant.
(4) The Merchant shall reimburse the Carrier in
proportion to the amount of Freight for any costs
for deviation or delay or any other increase of
costs of whatever nature caused by war, warlike
operations, epidemics, strikes, governments or
force majeure.
(5) The Merchant warrants the correctness of the
declaration of the contents, insurance, weight,
measuerements or value of the Goods but the Carrier
reserves the right to have the contents inspected
and the weight, measurement and value verified. If
on such inspection it is found the declaration is
not correct it is agreed that a sum equal either to
five times the difference between the correct
figure and the Freight charged, or to double the
correct Freight less the Freight charged whichever
sum is the smaller, shall be payable as liquidated
damage to the Carrier for his inspection costs and
losses of Freight on other Goods notwithstanding
any other sum having been stated on he Bill of
Lading as Freight payable.
19. LIEN
The Carrier shall have a lien on Goods and any documents
relating thereto for all sums whatsoever due at any
time to the Carrier from the Merchant and for General
Average contributions to whomsoever due and for the
costs of recovering the same and the Carrier shall have
the right to sell the Goods and documents by public or
private treaty, without notice to the merchant and the
Merchant's expense and without any liability towards
the merchant.
20. GENERAL AVERAGE
(1) The Carrier may declare General Average which
shall be adjustable according to the York/Antwerp
Rules of 1974 at any place at the option of the
Carrier and the amended Jason Clause as approved by
BIMCO if to be considered as incorporated herein
and the Merchant shall provide such security as may
be required by the Carrier in this connection.
(2) Notwithstanding (1) above, the Merchant shall
defend, idemnify and hold harmless the Carreir in
respect of any claim( and any expense arising
therefrom) of a General Averagae nature which may
be made on the Carrier and shall provide such
security as may be required by the Carrier in this
connection.
(3) The Carrier shall be under no obligation to take
any steps whatsoever to collect security for
General Average contributions due to the Merchant.
21. NOTICE
Unless notice of loss or damage ot the Goods and
general nature of it be given in writing to the Carrier
or the persons referred to in paragraph 2 of Clause 5
at the place of delivery before or at the time of the
removal of the Goods into the custody of the person
entitled to delivery thereto under this Bill of Lading,
or if the loss or damage be not apparen, within seven
consecutive days thereafter, such removal shall be
prima facie evidence of the delivery by the Carrier of
the Goods as described in this Bill of Lading.
22. NON DELIVERY
If this Bill of Lading is issued evidencing the
Carriers Contract of Carriage by Combined Transport,
failure to effect delivery within 90 days after the
expiry of a time limit agreed and expressed herein or,
where no time limit is agreed and so expressed, failure
to effect delivery within 90 days after the time it
would be reasonable to allow for diligent completion of
the combined transport operation shall, in the abscence
of the evidence to the contrary, give to the party
entitled to receive delivery, the right to treat the
Goods as lost.
23. TIME BAR
The Carrier shall be discharged of alll liability under
the Terms and Conditions of this Bill fo Lading, unless
suit is brought within nine months after.
(1) the delivery of the Goods, or
(2) the date when the Goods should have been
delivered,or
(3) the date when in accordance with Clause 22, failure
to deliver the Goods would, in the absence of
evidence to the contrary, give to the party
entitled to receive delivery, the right to treat
the goods as lost.
In the event that such time period shall be found
contrary to any Convention or law compulsorily
applicable, the period convered by such Convention or
law shall then apply but in that circumstances only.
24. VARIATION OF THE CONTRACT
No servant or agent of teh Carrier shall have power to
waive or vary any of the terms hereof unless such
waiver or variation is in writing and is specifically
authorised or ratified in writing by a director or
office or the Carrier who has the actual authority of
the Carrier so to waive or vary.
25. PARTIAL INVALIDITY
If any provisions in this Bill of lading is held to be
invalid or unenforceable by any court or regulatory or
self regulatory agency or body, such invalidity or
unenforceability shall attach only to such provision.
The validity of the remaining provisions shall not be
affected thereby and this Bill of lading contract shall
be carried out as if such invalid or unenforceable
provision were not containe therein

Table Of Contents


RateWave, Inc. --- © 1999 All Rights Reserved